publichealthcarejournal

October 5, 2019

Communicable Disease

A communicable disease is one that is spread from one person to another through a variety of ways that include, contact with blood and bodily fluids, breathing in an airborne virus, or by being bitten by an insect. Reporting of cases of communicable disease is important in the planning and evaluation of disease prevention and control programs, in the assurance of appropriate medical therapy, and in the detection of common-source outbreaks. California law mandates healthcare providers and laboratories to report over 80 diseases or conditions to their local health department. Some examples of the reportable communicable diseases include Hepatitis A, B & C, influenza, measles, and salmonella and other food borne illnesses.

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October 5, 2019

Acquired Diseases

An acquired characteristic is a non-heritable change in a function or structure of a living biotic material caused after birth by disease, injury, accident, deliberate modification, variation, repeated use, disuse, or misuse, or other environmental influences. Acquired traits, which is synonymous with acquired characteristics, are not passed on to offspring through reproduction alone. Acquired characteristics can be minor and temporary like bruises, blisters, shaving body hair, and body building. Permanent but inconspicuous or invisible ones are corrective eye surgery and organ transplant or removal. Semi-permanent but inconspicuous or invisible traits are vaccinations and laser hair removal. Perms, tattoos, scars, and amputations are semi-permanent and highly visible.

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October 4, 2019

Fever

Fever, also known as pyrexia and febrile response, is defined as having a temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body’s temperature set point. There is not a single agreed upon upper limit for normal temperature with sources using values between 37.5 and 38.3 °C. The increase in set point triggers increased muscle contractions and causes a feeling of cold. This results in greater heat production and efforts to conserve heat. When the set point temperature returns to normal, a person feels hot, becomes flushed, and may begin to sweat.

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October 4, 2019

Human Disease

Human disease can be discussed, the meanings of the terms health, physical fitness, illness, and disease must be considered. Health could be defined theoretically in terms of certain measured values for example, a person having normal body temperature, pulse and breathing rates, blood pressure, height, weight, acuity of vision, sensitivity of hearing, and other normal measurable characteristics might be termed healthy.

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October 3, 2019

Haemophilia

Haemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding. This results in people bleeding longer after an injury, easy bruising, and an increased risk of bleeding inside joints or the brain. Those with a mild case of the disease may have symptoms only after an accident or during surgery. Bleeding into a joint can result in permanent damage while bleeding in the brain can result in long term headaches, seizures, or a decreased level of consciousness.

October 3, 2019

Bacillary dysentery is associated with species of bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. The term is usually restricted to Shigella infections. Shigellosis is caused by one of several types of Shigella bacteria. Three species are associated with bacillary dysentery, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae. A study in China indicated that Shigella flexneri 2a was the most common serotype.

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October 1, 2019

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is a common disease that can have more than 30 different causes and symptoms. It is a highly contagious lung infection caused by bacteria, a virus or fungi, Understanding pneumonia is very important because the treatment depends on it. It is a very serious health condition that should be brought to the attention of a medical professional. People think there is only one kind of pneumonia but there are different kinds of pneumonia and each has a different causes. Pneumonia is a serious microbial infections that affects the lungs of the human respiratory system. It results in the swelling of the tissue in one or both lungs. It is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other disease causing pathogens.

October 1, 2019

Cholera

Cholera is an infectious disease that leads to watery diarrhoea, which further causes dehydration and even death if not treated on time. It happens when you eat or drink water contaminated with a bacterium called Vibrio cholera. Vibrio cholera, the bacterium that is solely responsible for cholera, is generally found in food or water contaminated by feces from a person who has the infection. Prevention can begin with drinking water that has been boiled or chemically disinfected.

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September 30, 2019

Birth Defects

While still in the womb, some babies have problems with how their organs and body parts form, how they work, or how their bodies turn food into energy. These health problems are called birth defects. There are more than 4,000 different kinds of birth defects, ranging from minor ones that need no treatment to serious ones that cause disabilities or require medical or surgical treatment. If a baby is born with a part of the body that is missing or malformed, it is called a structural birth defect. Heart defects are the most common type of structural defect. Others include spina bifida, cleft palate, clubfoot, and congenital dislocated hip.

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September 30, 2019

Avian Influenza

Avian influenza known informally as avian flu or bird flu is a variety of influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds. The type with the greatest risk is highly pathogenic avian influenza. Bird flu is similar to swine flu, dog flu, horse flu and human flu as an illness caused by strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host. Out of the three types of influenza viruses influenza A virus is a zoonotic infection with a natural reservoir almost entirely in birds. Avian influenza, for most purposes, refers to the influenza A virus.

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